01/01/2019, Yanditswe na Amiel Nkuliza
Duhora twibuka inzirakarengane zacu. Zimwe na zimwe zagiye zipfa urw’agashinyaguro zitarwaye, ahubwo zihitanywe n’ubutegetsi bwa FPR-Inkotanyi buriho uyu munsi mu Rwanda. Izindi zagiye zirusimbuka ariko zigasigarana ibikomere byo ku mubiri no ku mutima. Imiryango n’inshuti y’izo nzirakarengane zose, buri mwaka ihurira mu biterane by’amasengesho. Intero iba ari imwe ku bagize iyo miryango: turasabira igihugu cyacu kugirango kigire amahoro. Nyamara abenshi muri aba ntibaba basabira igihugu, ahubwo baba basaba Imana ko yabakiza ubutegetsi bubi bugiye kubamaraho ababo. Ikibazo gihari ni uko amasengesho bayacisha mu nzira itari yo. Iyo batera hejuru ngo barasabira igihugu amahoro, Imana yumva igihugu gusa, kuko ntiyaguha icyo utayisabye. Dukwiye kujya dusenga bucece, tugira tuti: «Mana twirukanire buno butegetsi; ni wowe utanga ubutegetsi ku batuye isi, ni na we ububambura iyo babukoresheje nabi, bahohotera, bakanica ibiremwa byawe»! Ngayo amasengesho yanjye yo mu ntangiriro z’uyu mwaka wa 2019, ariko nanasabira ibitambo byacu Imana itigeze idusaba.
L’Église catholique du Rwanda a refusé d’ôter les titres religieux des prêtres soupçonnés d’avoir pris part au génocide de 1994.
Turi ku wa 29 Mutarama 1995, i Nyamirambo ho mu mugi wa Kigali. Edouard Mutsinzi, wayoboraga ikinyamakuru cyigenga «LE MESSAGER-INTUMWA», abicanyi b’ubutegetsi b’uyu munsi, bamugabyeho ibitero mu kabari k’uwitwaga Joseph Serugendo. Bitwaje utunyundo, Mutsinzi bamusize ari intere. Zimwe mu nkuru ashobora kuba azize ni izifite umutwe ugira, uti: 1) «Kuki ubutegetsi bushaka gukenesha rubanda»? 2) «Nta n’amareshyamugeni»! Inkuru ya mbere ishingiye k’uko FPR igifata igihugu, yihutiye guhindura ifaranga ry’u Rwanda, ntihe igihe gihagije abaturage kugirango amafaranga bari bibitseho babanze bayahinduze. Inkuru ya kabiri iratunga agatoki ubwicanyi bw’ubutegetsi budahagarara, ubutegetsi busa n’ubugamije kwihorera ku bahutu bose, baregwa itsembatsemba ry’abatutsi. Mutsinzi, ubu wapfuye ahagaze, uwashaka kumenya ubumuga abishi be bamusigiye, yamusanga ahitwa i Namur ho mu gihugu cy’Ububiligi. Kumwibagirwa mu bitambo Imana itigeze idusaba, ni ukwirengagiza nkana ubwicanyi bw’ubutegetsi buriho mu Rwanda rw’iki gihe.
Taliki ya 27 Mata 1997, turi ku Kabusunzu mu mahugururwa y’abanyamakuru. Bwana Joseph Bideli wayoboraga ORINFOR (Office rwandais d’information) ari mu baje kuduhugura. Inkuru mbi atugejejeho mbere yo kwicara, iteye itya: «Ko ndeba mutuje, ntabwo mwamenye ko mugenzi wanyu yaraye yishwe» ? Appolos Hakizimana, wayoboraga ikinyamakuru Umuravumba, ni byo koko yaraye amishijweho amasasu n’abicanyi b’ubutegetsi bwa FPR-Inkotanyi, bw’uyu munsi, ahita yitaba Imana. Ibyari amahugurwa bibaye ubusa kuri bamwe duhuje umurongo. Dusohokeye rimwe kuko tugiye gushyingura ibiceceti by’umurambo wa Nyakwigendera. Kutibuka urupfu rw’agashinyaguro Appolos Hakizimana yishwe, ni ukwirengagiza bimwe mu bitambo by’abanyamakuru Imana itigeze idusaba.
Ku wa 27 Nyakanga 1996, uwahoze ari superefe bwana Placide KOLONI n’umuryango we hafi ya wose, basutsweho lisansi n’abasirikari ba FPR iwe mu rugo i Gitarama. Nta n’umwe warokotse mu bari muri urwo rugo. Ni nyuma gato y’uko Koloni arekuwe, ahanaguweho icyaha cya génocide yabeshyerwaga n’abambari b’ubutegetsi bwa FPR y’uyu munsi.
Bwana Koloni afunguwe yatumye ku bana be ngo bishimane ko yafunguwe aho bamwe bari mu mashuri. N’uko, ku ya 27 Nyakanga 1995, ni ukuvuga nyuma y’iminsi 3 gusa afunguwe, yiciwe iwe ndetse n’inzu iratwikwa hamwe n’umuryango we n’abandi bantu bari muri urwo rugo. Kuri uwo munsi hishwe : Placide Koloni (nyirurugo) n’uwo bashakanye, Imakulata Nyirambibi; umukobwa wa bo Umutoniwase Marie Claire, wari ufite imyaka 15, Uwamahoro Carine wari ufite imyaka 9 n’umukozi wabo wo mu rugo witwaga Serafina Murekatete. Umuhungu wabo witwa Claude Koloni we yarokotse kubera ko aho yigaga batahise bamuha uruhushya rwo gutaha mu rugo ngo ajye mu birori by’umuryango byo kwishimira ifungurwa rya Se.
Claude Koloni n’abishi b’umuryango we
Ubutegetsi bwamwiciye abe, kugirango burusheho kumwoza ubwonko, buri mwaka bumutumira mu «Inama y’umushyikirano», na we akajyayo yemye, ndetse akifatisha ifoto y’urwibutso n’abicanyi ba se. Urupfu rwa Placide Koloni rwakurikiwe n’urwa burugumesitiri wa Rushashi, Vincent Munyandamutsa. Uyu yicanywe n’abantu 17 ahitwa ku Kirenge, barimo Floriyani Habinshuti n’umuryango we wose. Amaperereza nakoze icyo gihe, yemeje ko abo bantu bishwe n’umwe mu ngabo z’u Rwanda rw’uyu munsi, wiyitiriraga izina rya Capitaine Gakwerere.
Nk’uko ubutegetsi bwa FPR icyo gihe bwari bwibasiye abayobozi b’abahutu, urupfu rwa Koloni n’urwa Munyandamutsa rwakurikiwe n’urwa mugenzi wabo wari Burugumesitiri wa Gikoro, Twahirwa Nehemiya, wishwe muri Werurwe 1995, uyu akurikirwa n’uwa Nyabikenke, Elie Dusabumuremyi, wishwe n’ingabo za APR ku wa 11 Nyakanga 1996. Bombi baherutswe n’urupfu rwa Madamu Judith Mukabaranga wari Burugumesitiri wa Nyakabuye i Cyangugu, wishwe taliki ya 28 ukwakira 1996.
Kubera kwica abo bantu ku buryo bugambiriwe, byatumye bamwe mu bayobozi b’abahutu bari bahumwe amaso n’ubutegetsi bwa FPR, bahunga igihugu. Aba barimo Sixbert Musangafura, wayoboraga inzego nkuru z’iperereza kwa Minisitiri w’intebe na Jean Damascène Ntakirutimana, wari umunyamabanga wihariye wa Minisitiri w’intebe, Faustin Twagiramungu. Uyu, hamwe na Minisitiri we w’itangazamakuru, Jean-Baptiste Nkuliyingoma, ndetse na Seth Sendashonga wari Minisitiri w’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu, baje kwegura, na bo barahunga. Seth Sendashonga, utarashatse guhungira abicanyi ba FPR kure y’u Rwanda, yiciwe i Nairobi mu mwaka w’1998. Muri aba bose, ntawapfuye arwaye; kwiyibagiza imfu zabo, ni ukwirengagiza ko habayeho ibitambo Imana itigeze idusaba.
Amwe mu magambo Ntakirutimana yashyize ahagaragara akimara guhunga, amagambo akijyanye n’igihe, nyuma y’imyaka 25 FPR ifashe ubutegetsi, uyu muyobozi yagize ati: «Kwibasira abahutu bari muri Guverinoma, nta kindi FPR igamije, uretse uburyo bwo kuguma ku butegetsi. Birababaje ko FPR yahinduye Génocide icyanzu cy’ubucuruzi, «fonds de commerce». Birababaje na none ko kugirango ibone uko iducecekesha, yatugize twese abicanyi. U Rwanda rwose rufite ubwoba, baba abahutu n’abatutsi barurimo. Imfungwa zirapfira mu magereza mbere y’uko ziburana. Inzangano hagati y’abahutu n’abatutsi zirakomeje. FPR iratinya gutakaza ubutegetsi hanyuma igategura iterabwoba ku bahutu ibita ibyitso by’interahamwe, nk’uko abatutsi bitwaga ibyitso bya FPR mbere y’1994. Amashyaka ya politiki n’itangazamakuru ryigenga byagiye nka Nyomberi…». Aya si amagambo yanjye : ni amagambo yahise mu itangazo ryasinywe na Jean-Damascène Ntakirutimana, itangazo ryo ku wa 20 ugushyingo 1995.
Niba amagambo aryoha ari uko asubiwemo, ni nde utabona ko kuva FPR yafata ubutegetsi nta cyahindutse mu mitegekere yayo? Iryo tangazo rya Ntakirutimana rikubiyemo ibirimo kuba n’uyu munsi:
1) Kwibasira abahutu bari muri Guverinoma: ubutegetsi bwa FPR ntibukibibasira kuko ntacyo bakibutwaye. Ibi byatumye buhindura umuvuno: FPR yabagize abagaragu n’abacakara, na bo babyemera batyo, kuko nta yandi mahitamo bafite, uretse guceceka kugirango badashira.
2) Génocide yabaye icyanzu cy’ubucuruzi, «fonds de commerce»: ibi nta we ukwiye kubishidikanyaho: umuhutu wese ugerageje kuvugisha ukuri, yaba ari imbere mu gihugu cyangwa inyuma yacyo, aregwa icyo cyaha kandi kikamuhama, kuko nta nkiko ziri mu Rwanda zishobora kumurenganura. Iziri mu mahanga nazo zigendera kuri iyo mpanda ya FPR, y’uko umuhutu wese kabone n’utaravuka ari umwicanyi
3) Abahutu n’abatutsi barangwa n’ubwoba kuva FPR yafata ubutegetsi: utabibona ni uko atagira amaso: ubutegetsi bwa FPR ntacyo budakora kugirango buteranye ayo moko yombi. Abahutu bumvishwa ko FPR ari yo ituma abatutsi batihorera kuri bo, naho abatutsi ikabumvisha ko iramutse itariho abahutu bakongera bakabamara. Ngubwo ubwoba ubutegetsi bwa FPR bwubatse mu bahutu n’abatutsi, aho kubunga ngo basubirane ubumuntu.
4) Imfungwa zirapfira mu magereza mbere y’uko ziburana: ibi utabibona, ni utarabaye mu mva zipfunduye z’uburoko bw’inkotanyi. Mvuze ko ndi umuhamya wabyo, hari ababyita amakabyankuru. Ubuhamya bwanye kuri ibyo wabusoma muri iyi nyandiko yanjye yo ku wa 26 Ukuboza 2018, igira iti : Ibihe turimo: Politiki ya FPR yo kwemeza ibyaha imfungwa zayo iyungukira mo iki? Fungura hano wongere uyisome : http://umunyamakuru.com/ubuhamya-ibihe-turimo-politiki-ya-fpr-yo-kwemeza-ibyaha-imfungwa-zayo-iyungukira-mo-iki/
5) FPR iratinya gutakaza ubutegetsi hanyuma igategura iterabwoba ku bahutu ibita ibyitso by’interahamwe, nk’uko abatutsi bitwaga ibyitso bya FPR mbere y’1994: utabona ko umuhutu wahunze igihugu, iyo yihaye ibyo kuvuga amabi y’ubutegetsi bwa FPR yitwa interahamwe, bitaba ibyo akaba umufatanyacyaha wa FDLR n’indi mitwe y’iterabwoba, uwo si uwanjye.
Utanabona ko iyo ari umututsi uhunze ubutegetsi, agatangira kubuvuga nabi, yitirirwa imitwe y’iterabwoba irimo uwa RNC wa Kayumba Nyamwasa n’uwa FLN wa Major Sankara, uwo ntituri kumwe.
6) Amashyaka ya politiki n’itangazamakuru ryigenga byagiye nka Nyomberi: Ibi byo ngirango si ngombwa kubigarukaho kuko amashyaka twari tuzi yari akomeye muri «opposition», yose yamizwe bunguri n’ubutegetsi, naho itangazamakuru ryigenga ryo riheruka kubaho mu mwaka wa 2010, ubwo Umuseso n’Umuvugizi byafungwaga burundu mu gihugu, abayobozi b’ibyo binyamakuru na bo bakameneshwa mu gihugu cyabo, bagahungira mu bihugu bitandukanye by’i Burayi na Amerika.
Iri tangazo rya Ntakirutimana Jean-Damascène, wagirango yari azi ibizaba, rizakurikirwa n’irindi rya Musangamfura Sixbert yashyizeho umukono ku wa 08 ukuboza 1995, ubwo yamaganaga ubwicanyi bwa FPR, ubwicanyi yitaga «double génocide». Uyu muyobozi w’inzego z’iperereza zo kwa Minisitiri w’intebe, Faustin Twagiramungu, yavugaga ko ingabo za FPR-Inkotanyi zishe abantu bagera ku bihumbi 312.626 hagati ya Mata 1994 na Nyakanga 1995, bakajugunywa mu byobo ijana na mirongo irindwi na bitatu, bikozwe n’ingabo za APR, ubu ziyise iz’u Rwanda rw’uyu munsi. Nyuma y’iri itangazo rya Musangamfura, ubutegetsi yaregaga ubwo bwicanyi ntibwigeze bwunamura icumu, haba mu bahutu no mu batutsi. Uwaciye benshi ururondogoro ni umunyemari Assinapolo Rwigara wishwe mu mwaka wa 2015, umuryango we washaka gukopfora ubutegetsi bukawunaga muri gereza, hamwe n’iyonka.
Gutanga ibitambo Imana itigeze idusaba ni karande mu butegetsi bw’inkotanyi
Ibumoso abo muri PSD, iburyo aba PL bari kumwe na Tito Rutaremera wa FPR, hagati igishushanyo cyerekana ko aya mashyaka ashyigigikye P. Kagame. Ifoto (c) yakozwe ihereye ku yatangajwe n’Igihe
Taliki ya 16 Mutarama 1997, i Rutare ho muri perefegitura ya Byumba, uwiyise sous-lieutenant Kabera, aherekejwe na lieutenant Rugira, wayoboraga «compagnie militaire» ya Rutare, yarashe urufaya Depite Evariste Burakari wahoze mu ishyaka rya PL. Urupfu rwa Burakari, wari umucikacumu, rwahahamuye abayoboke b’iri shyaka ryari ryiganjemo umubare munini w’abatutsi. Bamwe bahisemo kuyoboka ingoma yica, abandi barayihunga. Muri aba, barimo Depite Sisi Evariste, uwahoze ari perezida wa PL, Dr Gakuba Narcisse na Sebarenzi Joseph Kabuye wahoze ari Perezida w’inteko ishinga amategeko. Ababonye uburyo Burakari yishwe bahise basubiza amaso inyuma, basanga hari izindi mfu zitigeze zivugwa cyangwa zibagiranye, zirimo nk’urw’uwahoze ari perefe wa Butare, Petero Selestini Rwangabo, wiciwe rimwe n’umuhungu we taliki ya 04 werurwe 1995 i Save hafi y’i Butare.
Umusirikari wari umurinze, wahimbwe izina rya Egide, ari na we wamurashe, ntiyigeze akurikiranwa; bigaragara ko yari yatumwe n’ubutegetsi buriho uyu munsi. Gusobanura neza ubwicanyi bwa FPR, ni ukwerekana ko abayobozi bayo batigeze bibasira ubwoko bumwe bw’abahutu, nk’uko abenshi babikeka, ko ahubwo gahunda yabwo ari iyo kumaraho abatavuga rumwe na bwo bose, baba abahutu n’abatutsi.
Kwica aba bose si uko haba hari icyaha bari barakoze, ahubwo ni uko, n’iyo hagize ukubeshyera ko utavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bwa FPR, haba muri kiriya gihe no kugeza ubu, urupfu ruba rukugera amajanja. Urugero rwa hafi ni urwa Major Cyiza, wari warigaruriwe n’amasengesho, Dr Hitimana, Emmanuel Gapyisi, Felisiyani Gatabazi, Majoro Alex Ruzindana, Col Patrick Karegeya, Boniface Twagirimana, n’abandi batakwirwa muri iyi nkuru. Aba bose, nk’uko mubibona, barimo abahutu n’abatutsi. Kwirengagiza imfu bapfuye, ntaho bitandukaniye no kwirengagiza ko twatswe ibitambo Imana itigeze idusaba.
Twese hamwe, mu biterane by’amasengesho tugiye guhuriramo mu ntangiriro z’uyu mwaka wa 2019, muri iri joro n’ejo ndetse n’iminsi izakurikira ho, dusabe Imana bucece, tugira tuti: « Mana, ni wowe utanga ubutegetsi bw’ab’isi, ukanabubambura iyo bakugomeye. Dukize abategetsi b’u Rwanda b’uyu munsi, kuko batanze ibitambo utigeze ubasaba »!
Mu gusoza inkuru yacu, reka tubifurize Umwaka mushya muhire w’2019 tubatura iyi ndirimbo ya Chorale de Kigali.
