Ibihe turimo: Politiki ya FPR yo kwemeza ibyaha imfungwa zayo iyungukira mo iki?

Pasteur Bizimungu na Paul Kagame (muri madowadowa ya gisirikare) mu gatwenge k'urumenesha ariko gahishe byinshi...

26/12/2018, Yanditswe na Amiel Nkuliza

Kuva inyeshyamba za FPR zifashe ubutegetsi muri Nyakanga 1994, nakunze kwibaza politiki ngenderwaho yazo, ngashoberwa. Ku buryo bwihariye, nkunze kwibaza kuri politiki y’izi nyeshyamba, politiki ishingiye ku ifatwa no gushishikariza imfungwa zayo kwemera ibyaha no kubisabira imbabazi.

Iyi nkuru, isa n’ubuhamya, nayitekereje ubwo Kizito Mihigo, umuhanzi rurangiranwa  mu ndirimbo z’Imana, Phocas Ndayizera, umunyamakuru wa BBC, na madamu Victoire Ingabire, umuyobozi w’ishyaka FDU-Inkingi, bafashwe, bakanashishikarizwa kwemera ibyaha no kubisabira imbabazi, kugirango bagabanyirizwe ibihano cyangwa barekurwe.

Nyuma y’uko Kizito Mihigo arekuwe, kubera gusaba imbabazi z’ibyaha atakoze, na nyuma y’uko Phocas Ndayizera ahakanye ibyaha yaregwaga nyuma akaza gusabwa kubyemera kugirango na we agabanyirizwe ibihano, naje gusubiza amaso inyuma nsanga iyi politiki ya FPR imaze igihe, ikaba ari na yo itumye ubutegetsi bwayo bumaze igihe, ugereranyije n’ubundi bwayibanjirije, bwiyitiriraga ko ngo bugendera ku mahame ya Repubulika.

Kugirango iyi politiki y’amayeri ya FPR yo kwemeza abantu ibyaha no kubisabira imbabazi yumvikane neza, ndahera ku bindeba ubwanjye, n’ibindi nahagazeho.

Muri Nyakanga 1995, ubwo nafatwaga nshinjwa inyandiko ngo zatezaga umutekano muke mu gihugu, kuri pariki ya Kigali, umushinjacyaha witwaga Munyagishali (Imana imuhe iruhuko ridashira), yansabye kwemera icyo cyaha no kugisabira imbabazi kugirango andekure. Naramuhakaniye, aza kundekura nta rubanza rubaye.

Umunyamakuru Amiel Nkuliza

Mu Ugushyingo 1996, nongeye gufatirwa icyaha giteye gityo, mfungirwa mu biro by’ipererereza bya minisitiri w’intebe, Petero Selestini Rwigema. Umukuru w’ibiro by’iperereza, witwaga Emmanuel Ntakiyimana, na we yansabye kwemera icyo cyaha no kugisabira imbabazi kugirango andekure. Naramuhakaniye, abura uko angenza, nyuma y’icyumweru ndi ku mponde y’imigeri, arandekura.

Muri Mutarama 1997, umushinjacyaha witwaga Kwikeredidi, na we yamfatiye icyaha kimeze gityo. Yansabye kucyemera no kugisabira imbabazi kugirango andekure, ndamutsembera. Uyu we twagiye mu mishyikirano, mwereka ko atari jye yagombye gufata, ko ahubwo yari akwiye gufata abicanyi bari barayogoje komini ya Murama mvukamo, aba bicanyi bakaba barafataga umuhutu wese, batamwica bakamujugunya mu magereza uko bashatse, ntawe ubakomye imbere. Ilisiti y’izi «interahamwe nshya» zo mu bwoko bw’abatutsi narayimuhaye, nyamara na we nta bushobozi yari afite bwo kubafata no kubafunga, kuko yagombaga kubahiriza politiki ya FPR ishingiye ku ihora.

Muri Gicurasi 1997, umushinjacyaha Emmanuel Rukangira, na we yaje kumfata, anshinja cya cyaha navuze haruguru, kitajya kigira ibimenyetso. Uyu we ntiyahise ansaba kukemera no kugisabira imbabazi, ahubwo yaje kubinsaba nyuma y’imyaka itatu amfunze. Ubwo uburoko bwe bwari bundembeje, uwo bita umwunganizi mu mategeko, avocat wanjye Maître Mutembe, yansanze kuri gereza ambwira ko umushinjacyaha Rukangira ansaba kwandika ibaruwa yo kwemera icyaha no kugisabira imbabazi kugirango andekure. Iyo baruwa narayanditse, kuko nta yandi mahitamo nari nsigaranye, uretse kwicwa n’inkoni zari amafunguro yanjye ya buri munsi muri gereza ya Kimironko.

Ku italiki ya 31 Ukuboza 2001, capitaine Rudasingwa yamvumbuye mu bwihisho ku Kabasengerezi, amfunga amapingu no kuri jandarumori ku Kacyiru. Yari amfatiye ikiganiro nagiranye n’umunyapolitiki wo muri MDR, ubutegetsi bwa FPR butashakaga ko kijya ahagaragara. Major Mary Gahonzire, wari umukuriye, yansabye gusaba imbabazi, kwemera icyaha no kugishinja abo yakekaga twari twagiranye icyo kiganiro. Abo nasabwaga gushinja icyo cyaha ni abitwa Pasteur Bizimungu, wari umukuru w’igihugu (ubu ufungiye iwe), cyangwa Célestin Kabanda wari umunyamabanga wa Leta muri minisiteri y’Imari. Ibi narabyaranze, abuze uko angenza, arandekura, ariko anansaba kwitabira ikiganiro n’abanyamakuru, kugirango mbasobanurire ko ntigeze mburirwa irengero cyangwa ngo mfungwe.

Ibi na byo narabyanze, ariko uwari minisitiri w’umutekano, Jean de Dieu Ntiruhungwa (Imana imwakire mu bayo) yohereza abapolisi kumpiga no kugota iwanjye, sinaboneka. Inshuti ntabonera inyito yo muri Liprodhor, yampishe iwe, ikanantorokesha abo bicanyi, nta kindi nabona cyo kuyitura, uretse ubu buhamya bwanjye.

Uva iburyo ujya ibumoso: Pasteur Bizimungu (mu myambaro y’abanyururu) na Me J.Bosco Kazungu

Mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 2002, Perezida Pasteur Bizimungu na minisitiri we w’imirimo ya Leta n’ingufu, Charles Ntakirutinka, barafashwe, bashinjwa gushinga ishyaka PDR-Ubuyanja, ritavugaga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bwa FPR. Kugirango barekurwe, bombi basabwe kwemera icyaha no kugisabira imbabazi. Pasteur Bizimungu, wemeye gusaba izo mbabazi, yararekuwe, naho Charles Ntakirutinka aratsemba, arangiza igihano cye cy’imyaka icumi, arataha.

Guhatira abantu kwemera ibyaha (n’ibyo batakoze) no gusaba imbabazi ni gahunda ya FPR

Hagati y’umwaka wa 1997 n’uw’2000, nari nkiri muri gereza ya Kimironko. Abagize ubuyobozi bwa FPR, bari bayobowe na Tito Rutaremara, bahoraga mu magereza yose, bashishikariza imfungwa za jenoside (génocide) kwemera ibyaha no kubisabira imbabazi, kugirango barekurwe. Rutaremara yabumvishaga ko politiki ya FPR ari ugusubiza imfungwa mu buzima busanzwe, ubuzima ngo bw’abadafunze.

Umucurabwenge mukuru wa FPR-Inkotanyi, Tito Rutaremara.

Iyo nitegerezaga uburyo Rutaremara abivuga mo, nabonaga ari umuntu ubabajwe koko n’uburyo izo mfungwa zari zifashwe, kuko na we ubwe yazerekaga ko ikirahure kimwe cy’ibishyimbo n’impungure birimo amabuye, atari ibiryo byari bikwiye byo gutunga ikiremwamuntu.

Izi mpuhwe za bihehe, zatumye umubare munini w’imfungwa, abakoze ibyaha n’abatarabikoze, bemera ibyaha banabisabira imbabazi kugirango basohoke mu magereza. Kugirango umufungwa yemererwe izo mbabazi, ni uko yemeraga kuvuga amazina y’abo yishe, abo bari kumwe mu bitero badafunze, igihe bicaga izo nzirakarengane z’abatutsi. Byumvikane neza ko abo izo mfungwa zashinjaga babaga bakiri hanze, wajyaga kubona ukabona na bo basanze ababashinje mu magereza, umwiryane n’inzangano bigatangira ubwo. Yewe yewe… n’ubwo ntari mfungiye ibya jenoside, ibyo nabonye n’ibyo niyumviye n’amatwi yanjye ntibigira urugero. Nabonye kandi numva byinshi…

Muri iyi gahunda yo gusaba imbabazi no kwemera ibyaha, hari benshi babyemeye, batarabikoze, kugirango baruhuke ayo mamininwa y’ibishyimbo n’impungure zirimo imisenyi. Abenshi muri aba, twaraganiriye; bati: «nta yandi mahitamo dufite, uretse kwemera ibyaha tutakoze, ariko tugataha».

Abenshi muri aba baratashye koko, ndetse bakirwa neza n’abahoze ari abaturanyi babo, kuko nta cyaha bari barakoze cyagombaga gutuma bafungwa. Nyamara abandi baje kuburirwa irengero, barobewe muri za TIG-Travaux d’intérêt général (imirimo nsimburagifungo) ndetse benshi muri bo bisubiza mu magereza kubera umutekano wabo wagerwaga ku mashyi. Uwahoze ari Burugumestiri wa Ntongwe ni we rugero ruzwi, rufatika. Yarishoreye ubwe no kuri gereza ya Muhanga ati ndagarutse mumfunge, kuko ibyo mbonye hanze birutwa no kuba nibereye hano muri gereza.

Ni ugusaba imbabazi z’ibyaha cyangwa ni ukubemeza ibyaha?

Umutwe w’iyi nkuru uribaza icyo FPR yungukira mu kwemeza imfugwa zayo ibyaha no kubisabira imbabazi kugirango zirekurwe cyangwa zigabanyirizwe ibihano.

Nubwo ntari umunyamategeko, ariko nemeza ko abemera ibyaha batarabikoze, ingaruka zabyo, kandi mbi, ziri imbere. Nagerageje kuvuga muri make ko abemejwe ibyaha na ba Rutaremara, baje kongera kwisanga mu magereza, bamwe barabura, abandi bakatirwa gufungwa burundu y’umwihariko. Aba, umunyamategeko uwo ari we wese ntacyo yabarengeraho kuko baba bariyemereye ibyaha, bakanabisabira imbabazi. Kanda hano hakurikira wumve ikiganiro mugenzi wanjye, Tharcisse Semana yagiranye n’umuhesha w’inkiko, bwana André Kazigaba: FPR Inkotanyi na Paul Kagame muri ncire ayahe ndeke ayahe…

Ku mutwe w’iyi nyandiko, ndakomeza kwibaza icyo ubutegetsi bwa FPR bwungukira mu kwemera ibyaha no kubisabira imbabazi ku mfungwa zabwo. Icyo nkeka buzungukiramo gisa n’ikigaragaza:politiki y’ubutegetsi bwa FPR ishingiye ku ihora. Ni politiki y’abayobozi b’abatutsi biganzuye ubutegetsi bw’abahutu, ubutegetsi bwirukanye ba se na ba sekuru ku butegetsi mu myaka ya za 59, mu gihe cya cyami na gikolonize. Abuzukuru ba Karinga, bafite ingoma muri iki gihe, iyo nzika baracyayigendana kandi bagomba kuyishyira mu bikorwa, kuko ingoma idahora ngo iba ari igicuma.

Uku kwihorera kw’abatutsi, bihorera ku bahutu babambuye ingoma Karinga yabo muri kiriya gihe, na none yibazwaho cyane iyo bigeze ku batutsi na bo bemezwa ibyaha, bakanasabwa kubisabira imbabazi kugirango barekurwe cyangwa bagabanirizwe ibihano.

Iyo bigeze aha, ibya politiki y’ihora ikorerwa abahutu, bisa n’ibihabanye n’ukuri. Ukuri kwa nyako kukaba ahubwo gushingiye kuri politiki y’ubugome bw’abafite ingoma muri iki gihe. Ni ya politiki mu by’ukuri ishingiye ku ihora ni byo, ariko kandi inajimije mu gukumira abo ari bo bose bashobora kuba bayirwanya, baturuka mu bwoko bw’abahutu n’abatutsi.

Aha ba Sankara na Cassien Ntamuhanga sinzi niba bafite ubushobozi bwo guhindura iyi myumvire, kuko bo bavuga ko bashaka guca burundu inzigo n’uku guhora muri gatebe gatoki! Mu gihe tukibateze amaso reka dukomeze twibaze kandi dusesengure…

Umuhanzi Kizito Mihigo ni umututsi, umunyamakuru Phocas Ndayizera ni umututsi, hari n’abandi benshi batazwi, batanavugwa, basabwe kwemera ibyaha no kubisabira imbabazi kugirango barekurwe cyangwa bagabanyirizwe ibihano.

Tutabiciye ku ruhande, ubutegetsi bwa FPR bushaka ko buri munyarwanda, yaba umuhutu n’umututsi, ayoboka politiki yabwo buhumyi, n’iyo yaba atayemera, kugirango bucye kabiri.

Umunyemari Rwigara Assinapolo yari umututsi ndetse wayifashije gufata ubutegetsi. Yishwe n’ubutegetsi bwa FPR, umuryango we usabwa kubyemera gutyo. Diane na nyina, batashatse kubikozwa, basenyewe inzu, bamburwa ibyabo byose, ndetse baruhukira mu magereza.

Déo Mushayidi nawe ni umututsi, utakigira umuryango kuko watsembwe n’abahutu muri za muyaga zo muri 59. Uyu yafashije ubutegetsi bwa FPR ku buryo bugaragara, nyamara ubu araborera mu magereza kuko yanze gusaba imbabazi no kwemera ibyaha atakoze, kugirango arekurwe. Ibi bikaba bivuze ko ikibazo kitakiri icy’abahutu n’abatutsi ku butegetsi bwa FPR, ko ahubwo ikibazo gihari ari icy’abayobozi bayo babi, bahagurukiye gukandamiza no gutsikamira uwo ari we wese utavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi buriho ubu.

Aka kajagari k’iyi ngoma y’agahotoro ya FPR kazarangira ryari, gate?

Nk’uko nabivuze hejuru, ikibazo ntikikiri icy’abahutu bikoreye umusaraba wa Karinga y’uyu munsi, si n’ikibazo cy’abatutsi babeshywe ko ubutegetsi bwa FPR ngo bubereyeho kubarinda umuhoro w’abahutu. Ikibazo kiriho ni icy’ubutegetsi bubi bw’inyeshyamba z’inkirabuheri, ziyobora igihugu n’abaturage bacyo mu buryo bwa kinyeshyamba.

Amahirwe tugira ni uko icyo kibazo ubu cyahagurukiwe n’abashaka impinduka n’impinduramatwara idashingiye kuri ayo moko yombi. Hari abarevolisiyoneri bahagurutse, bahagurukira rimwe n’iyonka kugirango birukane ako kamasa kazivukamo, kiyemeje kuzimara. Tega amatwi ikiganiro Major Sankara yagiranye na Radiyo Ubumwe muri iki cyumweru kirimo kurangira.  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r9fMbNNST4s

Nsabimana Callixte ni umututsi warokotse imihoro y’abahutu. Ni umucikamu witegereje ubutegetsi bwiyitirira kuba umucunguzi w’abatutsi, maze yiyemeza kuburwanya yivuye inyuma. Kumutera inkunga birakenewe kuko ni we mizero ya rubanda rw’abahutu n’abatutsi, bakiziritse ku ngoyi y’ikinyoma cy’ingoma iganje, ingoma ihiga indonke zayo bwite n’iz’umuyobozi wayo, w’indahaga.

Gutera ingabo mu bitugu aba basore (FLN na ABARYANKUNA-GACANZIGO) bahagurukiye urugamba, ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kwibohoza ingoyi n’umuco mubi w’ubutegetsi bubi, umuco ugayitse wo kwemeza ibyaha imfungwa, zitarangwaho icyaha.

Twese, twese, twahagurukiye kurwanya uyu muco mubi w’ababisha bacu, uyu mwaka uje wa 2019, uzatubere uw’intsinzi itavangura ubwoko bwa mwene Gihanga, insinzi y’abanyarwanda twese, hatavuye mo n’umwe.

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