19/12/2023, Yanditswe na Amiel Nkuliza
Turi ku wa 2 ukuboza, umwaka wa 2023. Inkuru izindukiye ku mbuga nkoranyambaga ni iy’urupfu rutunguranye rw’umunyapolitiki rurangiranwa F. Twagiramungu. Inkuru ni bwo nkiyibona, ariko mbanje gushidikanya, kubera ko si ubwa mbere abitswe, akiriho. Iyo nkuru mbi ije kuba impamo ku gicamunsi, ndetse n’ibinyamakuru bya Leta ya Kigali, biyigize inkuru nyamukuru.
Mu gihe cy’umwaka umwe gusa (1994 – 1995), ni bwo F. Twagiramungu yabaye minisitiri w’intebe wa Leta y’inkotanyi, nyamara iyo Leta nta cyubahiro imugeneye mu kumusezeraho. Bisanzwe bizwi ko iyo igihugu kibuze uwari umuyobozi wari mu rwego nk’urwa minisitiri w’intebe, yaba atabarutse atakiri muri uwo mwanya, yaba yari mu batavugaga rumwe n’ubutegetsi, Leta yitsa ibendera gato mu rwego rwo kwibuka no guha icyubahiro uwatabarutse. Nk’uko kandi bisanzwe mu muco nyarwanda, ibyo na none biherekezwa ahanini n’ubutumwa bwihariye bwo gufata mu mugongo umuryango wa nyakwigendera. Leta y’inkotanyi uwo muco ntiwukozwa; uko yaje irimbura abanyarwanda, ni na ko yaje irimbura umuco mwiza bari basanganywe!
Faustin Twagiramungu yatabarutse taliki ya 02 ukuboza, ashyingurwa ku wa gatandatu taliki ya 09 ukuboza 2023, ibyo biba mu ibanga rikomeye, ibanga ryagenwe n’umuryango we cyangwa we bwite, atarashira mo umwuka.
Kuki umunyapolitiki F. Twagiramungu yashyinguwe mu ibanga?
Icyo ni ikibazo kibajijwe na benshi, ariko kiburirwa igisubizo. Urujijo ku ishyingurwa rya Twagiramungu rwabanje guhwihwiswa taliki ya 07 ukuboza, ubwo umuryango we washyiraga hanze itangazo ryemezaga ko azashyingurwa bucece (inhumé dans la plus stricte intimité) ku wa gatandatu taliki ya 09 ukuboza. Urujijo rwakomereje mu misa yo kumusezeraho, aho imbaga yari yaje kumusengera nta n’umwe wafashe ifoto, haba hakoreshejwe icyuma gifata amafoto (caméra) cyangwa telefoni igendanwa. Byumvikane neza ko umuryango wa nyakwigendera wari watanze amabwiriza ko ntawe ugomba gufotora, kuko iyo bitagenda bityo uyu munsi tuba turimo kubona amashusho y’umuhango umwe rukumbi w’amateka yo guherekeza mu cyubahiro F. Twagiramungu, cyangwa bikaba byaranerekanwe biri mo bikorwa ako kanya (diffusion en direct – live – de cérémonie religieuse des funérailles), nk’uko byakozwe mu guherekeza umunyamakuru mugenzi wacu, John Williams Ntwali, n’umuhanzi rurangiranwa, Kizito Mihigo.
Nyuma y’igitambo cya Misa mu Kiliziya, imihango yo guherekeza nyakwigendera yakomereje ku irimbi, abenshi muri ya mbaga yari yuzuye Kiliziya, ntibahahinguka kubera icyemezo umuryango wafashe cyo kwihererana umupfu wabo. Ababonetse ku mva ya Twagiramungu bari bamwe mu bagize umuryango we wa hafi cyane, uwa kure urahezwa, kuko utari watumiwe.
Benshi muri aba batahawe uburenganzira bwo kugera ku irimbi, nk’uko bisanzwe mu muco nyarwanda ngo bashyingure uwari inshuti yabo (kuri bamwe) n’umusangirangendo (ku bandi), ni bo batanze amakuru y’impamvu ya nyayo Twagiramungu cyangwa umuryango we batashatse ko aherekezwa mu cyubahiro. Baragira, bati: «Twagiramungu ni we wasize avuze ko adashaka ko hagira uzaza gushinyagurira umurambo we». Abo yashyiraga mu majwi ni bamwe mu bahoze mu ishyaka rya MRND na CDR, yari agihanganye na bo kugeza yitabye Imana. Abandi ni intore nshya za «muvoma» ya Leta ya Kigali, na zo ngo zari zabukereye mu kuzaza ku irimbi gushinyagura no guhiga abo zizatamika uburozi mu muhango wo gukaraba «réception/verre de consolation» na nyuma yawo.
Amarozi
Urupfu rwa F. Twagiramungu rwavuzweho byinshi, birimo n’amarozi. Biravugwa ko hari ingendo nyakwigendera yagiye ategerwa mo ariko akarusimbuka. Rumwe muri izo ngendo ni urwo yagiriye mu gihugu cy’Ubwongereza mu mezi abiri ashize, mbere y’uko yitaba Imana. Abo bari kumwe muri icyo gihugu, bemeza ko Twagiramungu yaje kwikubita hasi bitunguranye, agwa igihumure, ariko aza kuzanzamuka, agarura agatege.
Andi marozi bivugwa ko yahawe Twagiramungu ngo yayahawe n’itsinda ry’abantu baje kumureba iwe ku wa gatatu taliki ya 28 ugushyingo 2023. Iri tsinda ngo ryari rigizwe n’abantu baturuka muri kimwe mu gihugu cy’abaturanyi, bagize aho bahuriye no kurwanya ubutegetsi bwa Kigali. Faustin Twagiramungu, utarakekaga ko muri abo bantu hashoboraga kuboneka mo abamugirira nabi, bivugwa ko ari bo bamushyiriye utuzi mu kirahure. Kuva abo bagabo batandukana, F. Twagiramungu yatangiye kumererwa nabi, apfa atarwaye nyuma y’iminsi itatu gusa bavuye iwe, taliki ya 02 ukuboza 2023.
Kuki ibi byose umuryango we utinya kubivuga?
Impamvu ni nyinshi: Faustin Twagiramungu ni we munyapolitiki wenyine warwanyije ingoma zombi, yaba iya MRND-CDR n’iriho uyu munsi ya FPR bivugwa ko ari yo imuhitanye. Kuba umuryango we utagira icyo ubivugaho, ni uko bamwe mu bawugize batinya ko na bo intore zabamukurikiza. Ikindi ni uko wenda umuryango we utabona impamvu zo kubisakuza kubera ko uwagiye ntawamugarura.
Icya kabiri ni uko ubuzima bwa politiki Twagiramungu yabaye mo bwaranzwe no guhangana n’abo atavugaga rumwe na bo muri politiki. N’ubwo yari umunyapolitiki ukunzwe kubera kudahindagurika mu magambo, yari n’umunyapolitiki utaravugaga rumwe na benshi mu bavuga ko na bo barwanyaga ubutegetsi bwa Kigali. Uwitwa Sylvestre Nsengiyumva (Kabeho Kanyarwanda) na we yarabyemeje nyuma gato y’urupfu rwa nyakwigendera, ubwo yatangazaga kuri chaîne ye ko abenshi muri bagenzi be bo muri «opposition» batigeze bashaka kwitabira cyangwa kuyoboka ishyaka RDI-Rwanda Rwiza, nyakwigendera yari abereye umuyobozi.
Icya gatatu ni uko iyo buri gihe mu Rwanda hagiye kuba amatora, ubutegetsi bw’i Kigali bugomba kugira abo butangaho ibitambo. Muri 2003, ubwo nyakwigendera yatahaga mu Rwanda kwiyamamariza kuba umukuru w’igihugu, abenshi mu bari bamushyigikiye n’abamwamamazaga, baburiwe irengero. Muri uwo mwaka kandi uwitwa Dr Théoneste Niyitegeka, na we wari washatse kwiyamamariza uwo mwanya, afunguwe ejo bundi nyuma y’imyaka icumi yari amaze muri gereza, yicwa urubozo. Mu matora yakuriyeho yo muri 2010, Victoire Ingabire na Diane Rwigara, na bo bashakaga kwiyamamariza umwanya w’umukuru w’igihugu, barokotse urupfu aho bari bafungiwe muri gereza nkuru ya Kigali. Ubu bariho batariho, kuko nta rwinyagamburiro na mba bafite: bacungishijwe ijisho, nta n’uburenganzira bafite bwo gutarabukira hakurya y’amazi magari nk’i Burayi, aho bafite imiryango.
Mu rwego rwo kuburiza mo amatora y’umukuru w’igihugu ateganijwe mu mwaka utaha, bivugwa ko mbere y’uko yitaba Imana, F. Twagiramungu yahuye na bamwe mu bafata ibyemezo mu gushyiraho no gukuraho ubutegetsi bwo mu Rwanda, uyu mushinga nyakwigendera akaba yari awugejeje kure. Binavugwa kandi ko nyakwigendera yabonanye na bamwe mu bayobozi b’ibihugu byo mu karere, bigira hamwe uburyo intambara zibera muri Kongo, zishozwa buri gihe na Paul Kagame, zahagarara ndetse na Kagame ubwe hagashakirwa hamwe uburyo yakurwa ku butegetsi ataramara abantu.
Intumwa zavuzwe haruguru, zari zije gukomeza kunoza umushinga w’ibyavuye mu nama y’abakuru b’ibihugu nyakwigendera yahuye na bo, mbere y’uko yitaba Imana. Kuba zaba mo abamuhitanye, batumwe na Leta ya Kigali, ntawe byagombye gutangaza. Ni inshingano ruvumwa z’iyo Leta zo kwikiza uwo ari we wese washaka kubangamira amatora yo kwimika umwami Kagame, cyangwa uwo ari we wese washaka kumwambura ubutegetsi, abinyujije mu bundi buryo.
F. Twagiramungu yagombaga gushyingurwa ku mugaragaro
N’ubwo ntawe uneza rubanda, Nyakwigendera F. Twagiramungu yabaye umunyapolitiki w’indashyikirwa. Azibukirwa mu myaka ya za 91 – 92 ubwo yatinyukaga, afatanyije na bagenzi be 33, gukora umushinga wo kwemeza ishyirwaho ry’amashyaka menshi mu gihugu. Perezida Habyarimana, wari utinyitse muri kiriya gihe, yashoboraga kumwica, cyane cyane ko urupfu rwe yashoboraga kurutwerera inkotanyi zari zimaze igihe zinjiye mu gihugu, zirwana, zica abaturage n’abanyapolitiki.
Kuba Nyakwigendera yaba yarifuje gushyingurwa bucece cyangwa ari umuryango we wabihise mo, ntawabirwanya ariko na none ntibyari bikwiye kugenda bityo ku muntu wari uri ku rwego nk’urwa Twagiramungu. Faustin Twagiramungu yagize abanzi n’abakunzi benshi mu buzima bwe bwa politiki. Aba, baba abari mu Bubiligi aho yatabarukiye, baba abari mu Rwanda no mu yandi mahanga, bose bifuzaga guherekeza bwa nyuma umunyapolitiki wabo waharaniye ukuri, warwanije ivangura, ryaba irishingiye ku turere no ku moko abanyarwanda babarizwa mo. Kuba iyi mbaga yose yaremeraga iryo hame, nta kindi yamugombaga uretse kumuherekeza no kumushyingura mu cyubahiro yari akwiye.
Kuba F. Twagiramungu atarashyinguwe muri ubwo buryo, nta n’uwabura kwemeza ko byashimishije ubutegetsi bwa Kagame, bwari guhura n’ihungabana ryo kubona imbaga y’abantu baje kumushyingura, iyo ikaba yari kuba n’ishusho ya nyayo y’uko, yaba «opposition», yaba abanyarwanda basanzwe, n’iyo batakunda Twagiramungu, byibura bari bitabiriye ari benshi uwo muhango wo guherekeza umunyapolitiki wabo w’ikitegererezo.
Nyakwigendera Faustin Twagiramungu yamenyekanye cyane ubwo yazahuraga ishyaka rya MDR ryari ryaraciwe na perezida Habyarimana mu gihugu. Yongeye kumenyekana ubwo yatinyukaga, nyuma y’amezi abiri gusa abaye minisitiri w’intebe, kwamagana ingoyi yari imaze kugarurwa n’ubutegetsi bwa FPR-Inkotanyi, ubwo bwari bukijyaho muri nyakanga 1994.
Nyakwigendera Faustin Twagiramungu yanamenyekanye mu kurwanira ko MDR, yari abereye umuyobozi, itakomeza kwitwa MDR-Parmehutu, ibi bikaba bitaraguye neza bamwe mu bari barayobotse iryo shyaka, baribonaga mo, mu by’ukuri, ko ryongeye kuba ishusho y’umurage bari barasigiwe n’uwari wararishinze, Nyakubahwa perezida Grégoire Kayibanda, uyu akaba yari na sebukwe wa nyakwigendera tukibuka kugeza uyu munsi n’ibihe byose.
Intabaza
Nk’uko byavuzwe hejuru, urupfu rw’umunyapolitiki rurangiranwa F. Twagiramungu rwavugishije benshi. Bamwe mu basomyi b’iyi nkuru, wenda bari buyibone mo amakabyankuru, bemeza ko nyakwigendera ntawamuroze, ko ahubwo yari ashaje. Nyamara twebwe duhagarariye itsinda ry’abanditsi b’iki kinyamakuru, dufite amakuru y’urupfu rwa F. Twagiramungu, amakuru anarenze ayo musoma hano. Inshingano zacu si ugukabya inkuru, ahubwo ni ukwamagana ikibi ubutegetsi bw’abicanyi b’i Kigali bimirije imbere. Icyo kibi tuzakomeza kukirwanya no kugitera umugongo kugeza abicanyi b’ubutegetsi na twe batugezeho. Si twe twenyine tubabaje, ahubwo turatabariza n’abandi bataragerwaho, kugira ngo birinde uko babishoboye. Ntawe urusimbuka rwamubonye, ariko kandi nta n’ukwiye kurwigemurira.
F. Twagiramungu asize ibitenga bituzuye. Yarwanyije ubutegetsi bw’abicanyi bwa MRND-CDR-FPR, nyamara abusize uko bwakabaye. Sinshidikanya ko apfanye agahinda k’uko abo bicanyi b’ejo hashize n’ab’uyu munsi, biyunze bakaba umwe. Abahoze mu cyitwa FDLR ubu ni bo ntore za nyazo zitumwa kwica no kuroga abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bwa FPR. Murabe maso, agapfa kaburiwe ni impongo!
Urugendo rwa politiki F. Twagiramungu yatangiye akiri muto arushoje hakiri kare, ariko yakoze ibyo yari ashoboye. Naruhukire mu mahoro kandi Imana imwiyereke. Icyo twamusaba ni ukuzadusuhuriza abasangirangendo be, na bo bazize ko bari abanyapolitiki no guharanira ukwishyira ukizana kwa buri munyarwanda. Abo ni nk’abakurambere bacu Grégoire Kayibanda, Habyarimana Yozefu Gitera, Aloyizi Munyangaju, Seth Sendashonga, Félicien Gatabazi, Emmanuel Gapyisi, Agatha Uwiringiyimana, Faustin Rucogoza, n’abandi ntarondoye hano.
Aho ugiye, ntuzibagirwe no kudutahiriza intumwa y’amahoro Mutagatifu Kizito Mihigo, bakuru bacu mu itangazamakuru : Mgr André Sibomana, Padiri Silvio Sindambiwe, André Kameya, Rwabukwisi Vincent, twataziraga RAVI, n’abandi basangirangendo bacu : John Williams Ntwali, Léonard Rugambage, Ingabire Charles, n’abandi bose ntarondoye bazize agafuni ka Leta ya ruvumwa.
Abanditsi b’iki kinyamakuru, na twe turabasaba inkunga y’amasengesho kugira ngo Imana idukomereze muri iyi mirimo dushinzwe itoroshye, imirimo yo kurwana n’abagizi ba nabi bo mu butegetsi bw’i Kigali. Tuzi neza ko abo turwana na bo baturusha imbaraga z’uburozi n’amasasu, ariko ntituzatezuka ku murimo twiyemeje, kugeza na twe zitwivuganye. Mwabyanga, mwabyemera, turi indorerwamo yanyu, y’abanyapolitiki. Dushinzwe kubarwanirira kugira ngo mutadushiraho, kubakebura tutagamije kubayoboka.
Mwese abagihumeka umwuka w’abazima, mwese dufatanyije kurwanya ikibi na Sekibi, muzagire iminsi mikuru myiza ya Noheli n’umwaka mushya muhire w’2024.
