17/03/2017, yanditswe na Jean-Claude Mulindahabi
Mu mwiherero w’abayobozi bakuru b’u Rwanda wabereye i Gabiro mu kigo cya gisirikare kuva tariki ya 25 Gashyantare kugeza ku ya 02 Werurwe uyu mwaka, Perezida wa Repubulika Jenerali Paul Kagame yabwiye abo bayobozi ko babeshya. By’umwihariko yanenze abamuhagarariye mu mahanga babwira abanyamahanga ko mu Rwanda hari iterambere ry’agatangaza, nyamara baza mu gihugu, bagasanga nta shingiro bifite. Iyo umukuru w’igihugu ageze mu mahanga we abyifatamo gute? Nyuma y’umwiherero, Perezida Kagame yerekeje mu mahanga, anyura mu Bwongereza, ubundi agana ku mugabane w’Amerika n’Aziya ndetse akaba anateganya gusubira muri Amerika mu mpera z’uku kwezi. Ubwinshi bw’ingendo z’abayobozi n’uburyo zihombya igihugu na byo byari mu byasabwe gukosorwa, ariko wagira ngo ntibireba abayobozi bose barimo na Kagame! Iyi ngingo izagira inyandiko yihariye. Hano inyandiko iribanda ku kureba niba umukuru w’igihugu agendera kure ibinyoma yanenze bagenzi be.
Ku nshuro ya kabiri mu myaka ibiri ishize Perezida Kagame yagiye muri Kaminuza ya Havard muri Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika kuko no mu w’2016 yari muri iryo shuri mu ishami rya politiki, muribuka ko icyo gihe bamwe mu banyeshuri bamugishije impaka bamubwira ibyo babona mu Rwanda bihabanye n’ibivugwa n’abategetsi, birimo kutubahiriza amahame ya demokarasi. Icyo gihe ku itariki ya 26 Gashyantare 2016, umunyeshuri yabajije perezida Kagame impamvu yiyemeje kuguma ku butegetsi nyuma ya manda ebyiri. Paul Kagame ati: “sinigeze nshaka kuguma ku butegetsi ahubwo ni abaturage babinsabye.” Kuri iyi nshuro ya kabiri agiye muri iyi kaminuza, yakiriwe mu ishami ry’ubucuruzi, aho yavuze ibigwi imiyoborere y’ubutegetsi bwe. Yemeje ko ubutegetsi bwazamuye iterambere ry’igihugu mu nzego zinyuranye, ndetse ko ubuhinzi bwifashe neza, ko kandi abaturage bafite amazi, ko n’uburezi mu mashuri bwateye imbere, ko hari n’ibindi bikorwa byinshi bizamura abatuye u Rwanda byitaweho. Icyo kiganiro muragisanga ku mpera y’iyi nyandiko.
Perezida Kagame mu kiganiro muri Kaminuza ya Havard 10/03/2017. Ifoto (c) newtimes
Mu nyandiko zinyuranye, hano mu kinyamakuru twagarutse kenshi ku kibazo cy’ubukene n’inzara yugarije abanyarwanda hirya no hino mu gihugu, nyamara igitangaje, ni uko abategetsi bamwe bakiyihakana, abandi ntibayihe uburemere ifite, ukibaza uburyo bayibonera umuti batemera ko ihari, kandi abenegihugu bari gutaka. Inzara yagaragaye mu ntara y’iburasirazuba (yahoze ihahira u Rwanda rwose ibitoki), iy’amajyaruguru (hahoze ari nk’ikigega cy’ibiribwa ku gihugu), ubu yageze no mu majyepfo. Nubwo imihindagurikire y’ikirere, irimo n’izuba, byayigizemo uruhare, ariko impamvu nyazo z’ibura by’ibiribwa zishingiye ku miterere ya politiki y’ubuhinzi. Abaturage bahatiwe guhinga ibitabavana mu bukene, bakwa uburenganzira bwo guhinga ibyari bisanzwe bibatunze. Ibi kandi babibatuye hejuru kuko batahawe igihe gihagije cyo kwitegura iyo gahunda nshya. Byahumiye ku mirari, kuko iyo gahunda itigeze ikorerwa ubushakashatsi n’inzobere mu buhinzi, mbere yo kuyishyira mu bikorwa.
Biratangaje kubona mu bihe nk’ibyo bikomereye abaturage, Perezida Kagame yaratangaje ko imfashanyo ikenewe, yatangwa n’abanyamahanga, atari iy’ibiribwa, ko ngo ahubwo, abashaka gufasha igihugu, ngo bakagombye gutanga amafaranga. Yemeza ko ngo haramutse hatanzwe ayo mafaranga, ibiribwa byagurwa aho byeze mu Rwanda. Kuri we, ngo gutanga imfashanyo y’ibiribwa, ngo ni ukwikuraho ibyo babuze iyo babishyira (ibi yabivuze mbere gato yo kuva mu Rwanda).
Ubwo Perezida Kagame yari muri iriya Kaminuza, yabwiye abari bamuteze amatwi ko ubutegetsi bwe bwateje imbere ubuhinzi, nyamara, ntawutabona ko mu gihugu, uru rwego rw’ibanze rwazambye. Ntibyatewe n’uko hatari impuguke mu by’ubuhinzi, ahubwo byatewe n’uko ubutegetsi bwagennye politiki y’ubuhinzi itagamije inyungu z’abaturage.
Abategetsi bakwiye kureka gushinyagurira abaturage
Umunyarwanda yaciye umugani ngo “umwera uturutse i bukuru, bucya wakwiriye hose”. Arongera ati: “uwiba ahetse, aba abwiriza uwo mu mugongo”. Ku bantu bazi neza imiterere yo mu Rwanda, (irimo igitugu n’igitsure kidasanzwe), ntibashidikanya ko kubera ubwoba, buri muyobozi agendera ku ngendo n’intero ivuye i bukuru, akayubahiriza kurenza ivanjiri. Kuva kuri Minisitiri, ukamanuka ukageza ku muyobozi w’umudugudu, bose usanga intero ari imwe, yo kuririmba indirimbo itewe ivuye hejuru. Iyaba yari ifite injyana, nta kibazo cyari kuba kirimo. Kuba abategetsi bakuru badaha uburemere ikibazo cy’inzara n’ihenda ry’ibiribwa mu Rwanda, bituma n’abayobozi bo hasi bagihakana izuba riva. Umuyobozi muri Nyaruguru yahakanyije abaturage bavugaga ko inzara ibamereye nabi. Gihamya atanga, ngo ni uko batananutse (murabyiyumvira munsi hano). Abategetsi b’u Rwanda bakwiye kureka gushinyagurira abaturage. Intambwe ya mbere bakwiye gutera kuri iki kibazo, ni ukutayihakana, kuko ntawakira indwara atemera ko ayirwaye (ngo ushaka gukira indwara arayirata).
Intambwe ya kabiri, ni uguha rugari impuguke mu by’ubuhinzi zikagaragaza uburyo u Rwanda rw’ubu rwabonera umuti ikibazo cy’inzara. Ahangaha, hari uwavuga ati: “politiki ya FPR, ikomeje uko iri, umurimo w’izo mpuguke waba ari imfabusa”. Uwibaza atyo ntiyaba yibeshye. Binasaba rero ko na politiki yagendera ku byavuye mu bushakashatsi bw’impuguke mu buhinzi.
Hagati aho, n’abaturage ubwabo, bivugira ko kimwe mu byatuma inzara igabanuka (cyangwa icika), ari uko abategetsi bakwiye kubareka bakihingira ibishobora kubatungira imiryango, aho kubahatira guhinga ibitabavana mu bukene, ntibinabamare inzara. Ikindi abahinzi bivugira ubwabo, ni uko, abategetsi bakwiye kubasubiza ibishanga batswe. Ibi byatuma abahinzi babasha guhangana n’ibibazo by’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, yabayemo izuba mu mezi ashize.
Mu mwiherero w’i Gabiro, Perezida Kagame yanenze ko abayobozi barangwa n’ikinyoma. Yasobanuye ko udashobora kuvuga ko ufite amashanyarazi cyangwa amazi kandi ari ntayo, yerekana ko bishyira kera ikinyoma kikigaragaza. Nyamara ku itariki ya 10 Werurwe 2017, (nyuma y’iminsi mike gusa, amaze kunenga abayobozi akuriye, kubeshya ko ibintu bigenda neza mu Rwanda), we ubwe muri kaminuza ya Havard, yemeje ko ubutegetsi ahagarariye bwagejeje amazi meza ku baturage, nyamara ikibazo cy’amazi mu Rwanda, ni insobe kugeza n’ubu kuko no mu murwa mukuru hakiri abavoma ibirohwa, cyangwa bakavoma kure, kandi ku giciro gihanitse. Perezida Kagame yabwiye abari muri iyo kaminuza ko yateje imbere amashanyarazi, nyamara, mu itangazamkuru ryandikira mu Rwanda, ndetse n’amaradiyo ahakorera, nta gihe aterekana ko hakiri ikibazo gikomeye muri uru rwego. Nk’uko n’ikinyamakuru “Imirasire” kibyibutsa, icyegeranyo cya Banki y’ Isi cyemeza ko u Rwanda aricyo gihugu mu karere gifite ikibazo cy’ amashanyarazi kurusha ibindi bihugu.
Perezida Kagame, ubwo yari muri iriya kaminuza ya Havard, yanemeje ko mu Rwanda uburezi bwatejwe imbere. Ukuri ni uko, umubare wa za kaminuza n’amashuri yisumbuye wiyongereye, ariko nk’uko na Minisitiri w’uburezi Dr Papias Musafiri yabitangaje ubwe, yemeza ko mu burezi nta reme ririmo, bitewe n’uko nta ngamba zifatika zafashwe ngo zishyirwe mu bikorwa. Mu myaka 23 ishize, uburezi bwarazahaye bitewe n’uko abarimu babihugukiwe batongerewe umubare, hakaba nta bitabo nteganyanyigisho byashyizwe mu mashuri, uretse ko nyine ibyo bitabo bitari no gushyirwa mu mashuri hatarabanje gutegurwa icyari kubishyirwamo. Indimi zigishwamo zahutiweho. Urugero, ni nko kubona umwarimu wari warize mu gifaransa, bamusaba kwigisha mu cyongereza nyuma y’igihe gito, atabanje guhugurwa igihe gihagije. Ikibazo cy’ubukene na cyo cyatumye, abafite amikoro make batabasha kugera kure, ahubwo amashuri yigwa n’abafite imiryango ikomeye cyangwa abarihirwa na Leta.
Uburezi rero, bwarazahaye, ariko mu guhuma amaso abanyamahanga, berekana ko hatangijwe za gahunda zo gushyira za mudasobwa mu mashuri, batanibagiwe amashuri abanza, nyamara, ku munsi wa none, nta banga ririmo, abanyeshuri barangiza badafite ubumenyi bujyanye n’icyiciro basoje. Kwemeza ko uburezi bwateye imbere ni ikinyoma kuko na minisitiri w’uburezi ubwe yivugira ko nta reme riri mu burezi bwo mu Rwanda. Ikinyoma uzagisanga mu nzego zose. Perezida Kagame, ubwo yari muri wa mwiherero yivugiye ko, iyo umutegetsi abeshye, hashira iminsi, ikinyoma cye kikajya ku ka rubanda kuko ibyo yavuze, abantu basanga bidahuye n’ibyo bari kwibonera.
Kuki, ikinyoma gikomeza guhabwa intebe? Kizarangira ryari?
Impamvu ya mbere ni ukwiyemera, kwirarira no gushaka kwerekana iterambere ridasanzwe abari ku butegetsi bagejeje ku Rwanda. Ibi bikorwa hagamijwe gushaka kwereka amahanga ko u Rwanda rufite ubutegetsi bwiza. Ibi bikorwa kugira ngo hatagira ubona aho ahera avuga ko abenegihugu bafite ibibazo. Kubeshya ko igihugu cyakataje imbere mu majyambere, binakoreshwa hagamijwe kumvikanisha ko perezida Kagame ari we ukwiye gukomeza kuyobora ngo kuko iryo terambere ari we riturukaho. Iyo ni yo ntero yasubiwemo kenshi basobanura impamvu zo guhindura Itegekonshinga riha Jenerali Paul Kagame inzira yo kurenza manda ebyiri.
Muri politiki, kimwe mu byatuma ibitagenda bikosorwa, ni irushanwa, guhatanira kuyobora binyuze mu matora, bityo abaturage bakihitiramo uwabageza ku bikorwa, bitari amagambo no kubaheza ku cyizere gusa, cyangwa kubagotera mu murunge w’iterabwoba.
Ikibazo cy’amazi ntikirabonerwa umuti mu Rwanda
Amahanga, n’imiryango mpuzamahanga, bishobora kubeshywa igihe kinini ariko ntibishobora kubeshywa igihe cyose. Mu ikubitiro, bitewe n’uko inzego z’ubutegetsi z’u Rwanda zitanga imibare itekinitse (nk’uko na Perezida Kagame ubwe yigeze gusaba ko itekinika abarikora barihagarika), hari raporo zagiye zishyira u Rwanda mu myanya iri imbere mu nzego zinyuranye. Ibintu nk’ibyo ni ukwihenda. Ubutegetsi bwiza kandi bukorera inyungu rusange z’abenegihugu, ni bwo bwonyine bushobora kuvugisha ukuri. Ubutegetsi buharanira kuzamura abaturage, ni bwo bwonyine bushobora gukemura ibibazo kuko mbere ya byose buba bwemera ko biriho kandi bugashaka ibisubizo, butanga umuti w’ikibitera. Ese ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Kagame bwaba bufite gahunda n’ingamba yo kugendera kure y’ikinyoma, no gushyira imbere inyungu rusange mbere y’inyungu z’abantu ku giti cyabo? Ese igisubizo, ntikiri mu byo abanyarwanda biboneye mu myaka 23 ishize, by’umwihariko muri iyi manda y’imyaka 7 iri kurangira? Uyu munsi hari ukuri mu bikorwa, uhereye hejuru? Mu mwiherero uheruka, ndetse no mu yindi yawubanjirije, Perezida Kagame ubwe niwe wemeje ko abayobozi bamuhagarariye barangwa n’ikinyoma ndetse ko bazambije akazi bashinzwe. Hejuru hano, twabonye urugero yabahaye mu ruzinduko yakoreye muri Kaminuza ya Havard, kandi mushobora kumutega amatwi munsi hano.
Twakumva ikiganiro cya Perezida Kagame muri Kaminuza ya Havard (kiri mu cyongereza):
Umwanya w’ibibazo n’ibisubizo mu kiganiro (kiri mu cyongereza):
