13/02/2017, yanditswe na Jean-Claude Mulindahabi
Hashize igihe mu Rwanda havugwa inzara. Ibinyamakuru byo mu Rwanda, n’itangazamakuru mpuzamahanga ryakurikiranye iki kibazo, riganira n’abaturage bazahajwe na yo. Igitangaje ni uko bamwe mu bategetsi bashatse kumvikanisha ko atari ikibazo gifite uburemere. Guhakana ikintu nk’icyo, nta kindi cyabiteye: ni uburyo bwo kwihunza ko bagaragara nk’abateshutse ku nshingano za gahunda yo kwirinda no gufata ingamba zo kurwanya inzara, ariko nanone ni no gushaka kumvikanisha ko iterambere rivugwa ku Rwanda ari nta makemwa. Bwaba se,aribwo buryo bwiza bwo kugaragaza isura y’igihugu? Muri iyi nkuru, turifashisha ubumenyi bushyirwa ahabona n’impuguke mu by’ubuhinzi, turebe uko kwirinda inzara bikorwa, ndetse tunarebe igikorwa ngo abantu barwanye inzara iyo iteye.
Mu Rwanda, ikibazo cy’inzara cyatangiye kwibasira abaturage ahagana mu mwaka w’2013, nk’uko bamwe mu bahuye na yo babitangarije Radiyo Ijwi ry’Amerika. Iyo nzara yatangiriye mu ntara y’iburasirazuba. Yigabye mu baturage, bikavugwa ko ahanini yaturutse ku izuba ryinshi. Aha ni ho abategetsi bavugaga ko ngo ari amapfa atari inzara! Ababumvaga babafataga nk’abakina n’amagambo, kuko amapfa, ubwayo na yo atera inzara. Byari bitangaje ariko binababaje kubona, umuntu ushinzwe kwegera abaturage ngo afatanye na bo guhangana n’iyo nzara, asa n’uyihakana nk’aho ari ikinegu! None se, hari uwakira indwara atemera ko ayirwaye? Umuntu yakwivuza ate, mu gihe avuga ko ari muzima? Minisitiri ufite ubuhinzi n’ubworozi mu nshingano ze yageze n’aho avuga ko nta nzara iriho, ngo ahubwo ni uko abaturage bayivuga batakibasha kwijuta nka mbere! Minisitiri ushinzwe imirimo y’inama y’abaminisitiri, Stella Ford Mugabo, na we yunze mu rye, avuga ko akurikije igisobanuro cy’inzara, ko ntayiriho mu Rwanda ngo kuko nta we yishe. Nyamara na n’ubu inzara iracyari hirya no hino. Mu karere ka Gakenke (ubusanzwe hafatwaga nk’ikigega cy’igihugu), na ho hakomeje kuvugwa inzara kandi bikanemezwa n’ibinyamakauru bya hafi y’ubutegetsi. Itangazamakuru nyarwanda ryakoze umurimo ukomeye ngo ikibazo cyumvikane. Abategetsi bakwiye kwibaza niba baragihaye uburemere gifite.
Nyamara mu by’ukuri, iyo nzara hari abo yazahaje. Yatangiriye mu ntara y’iburasirazuba, nyuma igera mu y’amajyepfo ndetse n’iy’amajyaruguru. Bamwe mu baturage bagaragaje impungenge ko izamara igihe kinini. Icyo ni cyo cyatumye bayita “Nzaramba”. Abandi bayise “Warwaye ryari?” kubera ko aho yageze, wabonaga abantu bomboka, barananutse, nta ntege, mbese ari nk’indembe. Hari n’abayise “njyanama.” Ibinyamakuru bikorera mu Rwanda bitandukanye byanditse kuri iyi nzara; hari “Imirasire”, “Igihe”, “Izuba Rirashe”, n’ibindi. Hari amaradiyo mpuzamahanga nka “Radiyo Ijwi ry’Amerika”, “BBC Gahuzamiryango”, babikozeho ibiganiro birambuye, aho baganiriye n’abaturage n’abayobozi. Bamwe mu baturage barasuhutse, bajya mu bihugu bituranye n’u Rwanda, nka Uganda kugira ngo babone ikibatunga. Mbere yo kureba ingamba zagombaga kuba zarafashwe n’ubutegetsi, cyangwa se uko bakagombye kuyirwanya iyo iteye, ni ngombwa kumenya imvo n’imvano yayo.
Inzara yatewe n’iki?
Ni byo koko, nk’uko abategetsi b’u Rwanda babivuga, imwe mu mpamvu yatumye inzara ikaza ubukana, harimo n’izuba ryinshi (amapfa). Ariko se, iyo ni yo mpamvu yonyine? Umuntu yakwibaza niba izuba ryaribasiye gusa u Rwanda, rigasiga ibihugu bine byose birukikije, kuko ho barahinga bakeza. Abo baturanyi ntibafite ikibazo cy’inzara. Impamvu nyazo zishingiye kuri gahunda na politiki ikorwa mu rwego rw’ubuhinzi. Nk’uko dushobora no kubyumva no mu majwi munsi hano, impuguke mu by’ubuhinzi zisobanura ko kugira ngo ubuhinzi bugende neza, bityo abantu birinde inzara, hakwiye kwitabwaho ibi bikurikira:
Icya mbere ni uguha uburenganzira abenegihugu bagahinga ibishobora kubatungira umuryango. Impuguke zivuga bidakwiye guhatira abenegihugu guhinga igihingwa runaka cyonyine. Célestin Kabanda, umwe mu mpuguke mu by’ubuhinzi n’igenemigambi (yanabaye umunyamanga wa Leta ushinzwe igenamigambi 2000-2003), anasobanura ko bitari byarigeze biteganywa ko abenegihugu bashyirwaho agahato ko guhinga iki n’iki, ahubwo ko, nyuma yo gukora ubushakashatsi, abaturage bagirwa inama hakurikijwe ibishobora kwera mu karere batuyemo, noneho bagahitamo bakurikije inyungu bazabivanamo ubwabo.
Célestin Kabanda:
Icya kabiri ni uko ibigo bishinzwe ubushakashatsi (nk’uko mu myaka yashize ikigo nka ISAR cyabigenzaga), bikwiye kugaragaza ibihingwa bijyanye na buri karere, bityo abahinzi bagahinga bashingiye ku byizweho neza. Ubwo bushakashatsi, ni na bwo bugomba kugaragaza n’imbuto zishobora gutanga umusaruro mwiza kandi uhagije.
Icya gatatu, ni uko bikwiye ko abaturage basubizwa ibishanga bari baratswe, ndetse byashoboka bagahabwa n’ibirenzeho kuko iyo hateye amapfa, ibishanga bifasha guhangana na yo. Ibi birasobanurwa ku buryo bunononsoye n’impuguke ebyiri, Charles Ndereyehe na Edouard Kabagema, baganiriye n’umunyamakuru Serge Ndayizeye wa Radiyo Itahuka, hari tariki ya 4 Gashyantare 2017. Aka ni agace gato twavanye muri icyo kiganiro, turumvamo bimwe mu by’ingenzi bavuze:
