14/02/2017, yanditswe na Emmanuel Senga
U Rwanda ni igihugu gifite amateka yihariye, kubera ko kugeza ubu ni cyo cyonyine mu bihugu by’Afurika cyabayemo ubwicanyi bwaje kwitwa jenoside ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Uyu ni umwihariko nubwo ari mubi bwose. U Rwanda kandi ni igihugu cyamenye ubwoko bwose bw’ubutegetsi, uhereye ku butegetsi bwa cyami ugana ku butegetsi bwa “kidemokarasi”, utibagiwe n’igice cy’amateka yaranzwe n’ubukoloni, ubwo igihugu cyakolonizwaga n’Ubudage kugeza butsinzwe mu ntambara ya kabiri y’Isi, hanyuma rukegurirwa Umuryango w’Ibihugu byiyunze (Société des Nations), mbere yo kuragizwa Ububiligi. Nyuma muri 1962 rwaje kubona ubwigenge, ruhinduka Repubulika nyuma yo gusezerera ingoma ya cyami (28 Mutarama 1961). Kuva rwinjira mu buyobozi bwa Repubulika, amahoro n’umutekano muke byagiye bisimburana, nyuma y’ibitero by’inyenzi kuri Repubulika ya mbere, na yo yaje guhirikwa n’ingoma ya gisirikare, yaje na yo gusenywa n’ibitero byaturutse muri Uganda, bigashyiraho ubutegetsi utamenya niba ari ubwa gisirikari cyangwa gisivili, cyangwa niba bushingiye ku Ishyaka rimwe, kuko bwemerera amashyaka yandi kugabana ubutegetsi, ariko Ishyaka riri ku butegetsi rikayayobora mu mpuzamashyaka, kandi bukazira ayandi yavuka, cyane cyane avukiye hanze y’igihugu.
Iyi mihindagurikire y’amateka y’igihugu cyacu ni yo yari ikwiye gusobanura ko koko akeneye gusubirwamo, akumvikanwaho, maze abanyarwanda bose bakayumva kimwe, nta kuyagoreka bitewe n’igice kibifitemo inyungu. Amateka y’igihugu agomba kwemerwa uko yakabaye, yaba mabi yaba meza, nta marangamutima ayivanzemo, ku buryo agomba no kwigishwa ibisekuruza uko bigenda bisimburana uko abanyarwanda bayumvikanyeho.
Muri iki gihe amateka y’u Rwanda aratandukanye bitewe n’uko yagiye ahindagurika mu gihe gito cyane, Kugeza ubu hari ibice bimwe na bimwe by’amateka abanyarwanda bagombye kuba bumvikanaho, ariko birakwiye ko haboneka uburyo bumwe bwo kumva amateka y’igihugu kimwe, kuko nta mateka yavugwa ukubiri yarabereye mu gihugu kimwe ngo byumvikane. Nyamara nta nubwo yari aruhije, kuko kuva ku iremwa ry’u Rwanda rwa Gasabo kugera ku ntambara y’Inkotanyi, harimo ibice bikomeye bikeneye kumvikanwaho gusa, ahateye impaka zigakemurwa. Muri aya mateka hari adashidikanywaho: Ingoma ya cyami, Ubukoloni, Ubwigenge, Repubulika I na II, hari igitero cyo mu Ukwakira 1990, hari jenoside yo 1994, n’ubutegetsi bwa FPR.
Ikibazo u Rwanda rufite ku byerekeye amateka yarwo, ni uko hahora ibice nka 2 bihanganye, kimwe gikurura cyishyira, cyivuga ameza, ari na ko giharabika ikindi. Ibi bice bihangana usanga akenshi bikurikiza amoko, ku buryo iyo ubutegetsi bufitwe n’abitwa abatutsi, bukora ibishoboka byose ngo buheze kandi bunasebye abahutu, ni kimwe n’iyo bufitwe n’abahutu na byo biba uko. Kubera ko iki kibazo gihoraho kandi kigahora kigaruka, cyari gikwiriye gushakirwa ibisubizo bihoraho mu rwego rw’imishyikirano, kugeza ubwo iyi myumvire yo mu moko irangiriye burundu. Ibi rero birashaka amategeko ahamye, u Rwanda rukaba igihugu kigendera ku mategeko. Simpamya ko bizabaho ejobundi.
Aya mateka agomba kuganirwaho, hakemezwa ayo abantu bumva kimwe akaba ari yo akurikizwa, kuko amateka ni amateka, ntiyakagombye kurangwa n’amarangamutima. Kimwe n’amateka yacu, n’amatora mu gihugu ni amarangamutima. Nta matora ahaba, haba ikinamico y’amatora, aho usanga uzatorwa aba yararangije gutorwa, hasigaye kwereka amahanga. Muri iri jambo ry’intangiriro y’umwaka wa 2016, Perezida Kagame arabivuga mu kinyarwanda. ati: ‘Mwansabye kuzakomeza kuyobora igihugu nyuma ya 2017, nkurikije uburemere bwabyo n’imyumvikanire mwabihaye, nta kuntu ntabyemera, ubwo hasigaye inzira zisanzwe bigomba kunyuramo igihe nikigera”.
Ubu se hakenewe ibihe bisobanuro bindi? Ndetse Perezida Kagame agera kure aho asobanura ayo matora, avuga ati;’ ubwo hasigaye inzira zisanzwe bishobora kunyuramo igihe nikigera. Aha arashaka kuvuga gutegura intore, gukoresha amanama yo kwigisha gutora, kugabanya igihugu mo ibipande by’amatora, buri gipande kigashingwa Afande runaka n’abasirikari be, kweguza ba gitifu bamaze kumenya amayeri yo gutora bashobora no kuyarwanya bucece. Ubu se ibyo Perezida atavuze ni ibiki? Ahubwo yongeyeho ko agiye kuzareba uko umwanya wa Perezida wazahinduka. Ubu se niba agiye kuwugira ubwami nyuma ya 2017 ko byose bishoboka kandi icyo ashatse ko gikorwa, muzavuga ko atabibabwiye? Kagame wamunenga ikindi icyo avuze ni cyo akora. Arababwira ati tuzatoranyamo abo ducyura, abandi basigaye tubarase, yarangiza akabikora. Ati niyubakiye inzu, nta wuzayinsangamo ngo mukundire, bwacya Padiri Thomas Nahimana ati ndashaka gutaha, Kagame akamwibutsa ati ntiwabyumvise? Sinzi icyo abanyarwanda barwana na cyo bajyanwa mu matora, Aho guta igihe abanyarwanda birirwa banamye ku zuba ngo baratora, bari bakwiye kujya indi migambi.
Muri iki gihe gisigaye, ikibazo gihangayikishije ni ukumenya uko aya matora aje agomba gutegurwa. Mu by’ukuri si amatora, kuko Kagame yivugiye ko abanyarwanda bamusabye gukomeza kubayobora, ngo akemera kuzabayobora. Birumvikana ko nta matora y’ukuri ategerejwe. Ikizayavamo kirazwi, ahubwo abantu bari bakwiye kwitegura ikizakurikira. Hari abibaza niba no kuyagiramo uruhare bifite akamaro? Ku giti cyanjye nemera ko bitari ngombwa guta igihe umuntu ayagiramo uruhare, ariko kandi haramutse hari ubishaka, mu bwigenge bwe, abantu bakwiye kumureka akigeragereza, kuko aba yanze kugendana n’abandi kandi afite impamvu ze. Tugomba kumenyera kumva ko umuntu afite uko we yumva ibintu, Ikibazo kigasigara ari ukumenya ikigomba gukorwa nyuma y’iby’abantu bose baba bamaze kugerageza. Kandi n’abo bigeragereza ntibiboroheye, hari abasonerwa bakemererwa kwinjira mu gihugu, ariko na bo ntibatinda gukubitana n’inzira y’umusaraba; hari n’abandi badateze kuzemererwa na rimwe. Aba na bo nibahindure umuvuno.
Muri aka gace k’iyi videwo iri hasi aha, muribonera uko uyu Philippe Mpayimana, ngo ushaka kwiyamamariza kuba Perezida wa Repubulika, agatangira abuzwa epfo na ruguru ngo nazane uruhushya rumuhesha uburenganzira bwo gukorera inama mu cyumba cya Hoteli yarangije kwishyura. Ibi bivuga ko Leta ifite akaboko no mu bucuruzi bw’abikorera ku giti cyabo. Ni ryari mwabonye Leta ijya kumenya uwakodesheje icyumba n’icyo yagikodeshereje? Ubu se iyo aba nka Padiri Thomas Nahimana byari kugenda gute? Ng’uko uko abantu basiragizwa iyo bashaka gukora ibyo FPR idashaka. Aha icyatumye batanamubuza kuza, ni uko bari bazi ko nta numuzi, ariko kuba yashobora gutungura no kurangaza, ni byo bituma bagomba kugenda bamunaniza ngo bamwumvishe.
Iki kiganiro mwumva muri iyi video hari uwakise ‘Inzira ndende ya Filipo Mpayimana’
Hari ibintu bizwi nk’ihame: ni uko Kagame nta muntu bazumvikana ngo baragabana ubutegetsi. Ibi ntibiba muri kamere ye. Abakorana na we bose bagomba kwemera kumuramya, bakemera ko ibyo atekereza ari byo byo, kandi bakabikurikiza batinuba, kuko iyo binubye inkurikizi zibageraho bwangu.
None niba hari abantu batemera iyi mikorere, bari migambi ki?
Iyo witegereje neza, usanga ko iyo buri gihe habaye amakimbirane y’ubutegetsi, buri gihe hagomba imishyikirano. Iri na ryo ni irindi hame, ariko kandi imishyikirano ikorwa hagati y’impande zishaka kumvikana, Kagame we ibyo ntabikozwa. None se bizagenda bite ngo habeho ubuyobozi buhuriweho n’abanyarwanda b’impande zose? Kuvuga ko Kagame adakozwa imishyikirano ntibisobanuye ko atazayemera. Igihe kizagera ayemere, ikibazo gusa ni ukumenya icyo gihe ni gihe ki kandi kizazanwa n’iki?
Reka twibukiranye duhereye ku mishyikirano y’Arusha yahuzaga ubutegetsi bwa Yuvenali Habyarimana, bwa MRND n’Inkotanyi zari zarateye u Rwanda. Nk’uko bigenda mu mishyikirano yose, habanje kubaho gupima ingufu ku rugamba rw’amasasu, kugira ngo babone kwicarana ngo baganire ku meza y’imishyikirano. Ubundi ntacyari gushoboka, hatabanje kumvana mu mirya ngo n’amahanga abone aho ahera ahuza impande zombi, ibyo kandi ni byo Kagame yamenyereye, ibyo ni byo ategereje.
Ikibazo ni ukumenya niba abarwanya ubutegetsi bwa Kagame biteguye kunyura iyi nzira. Abanyarwanda bari bakwiye kuva mu macenga aturanga, bagashobora gotobora bakavuga icyo batekereza. Imyaka ishize yose 23 yerekanye ko FPR nta bushake na buke ifite bwo kwemera amashyaka ya Opozisiyo. Nanone guhera muri 2017, mu kwa munani, Kagame azishyira ku butegetsi, murumva abanyarwanda bazamara imyaka ingahe kuri uriya munigo mbere yo gutabarwa? Tugomba kubwizanya ukuri, ndizera ko n’imbere mu gihugu hari abantu benshi bategereje impinduka, yemwe no muri bariya bavugwa ko bari ku butegetsi, kubera ko uko bayobowe bimeze nk’ubucakara, nubwo babageneye imishahara ibahuma amaso, ariko si kuri bose. Ni ukuvuga ko impinduka yifuzwa imbere no hanze y’igihugu rero. Icyakabaye gikorwa byakabaye kugira intego iyo mpinduka, abantu bifashishije ibyo basanzwe bazi k’uwo bahanganye, maze bagashyira ho ingamba zihuta zisubiza ibibazo abanyarwanda bafite. Mu yandi magambo amashyaka n’amashyirahamwe nashyireho gahunda yo kuganisha ibitekerezo hamwe barebe ibishoboka gukorwa, ahasigaye babimenyeshe abanyarwanda bafatire ingamba hamwe. Igihe cyari kigeze ngo abanyarwanda bareke kuryaryana bakore wa mugani igikwiye, batabare abandi banyarwanda. Nta mabanga yari akwiye kubizamo, kereka nibiba ngombwa. Abanyarwanda barihagije, bafite ibitekerezo bihamye, barize, bararushye kandi bafite ubushake. None igisigaye ni iki? Kagame ati mwansabye ko mbayobora, none nanjye nkurikije uburemere bwabyo ndabibemereye, yongeramo ati nyuma ya 2017 tuzareba ukundi twagena umwanya wa Perezida wa Repubulika. None yazawugira Umwami w’Abami. Banyarwanda, banyarwandakazi muzaba mwarabimufashijemo, kuko yababwiye mukanga kumva. Nimukore inama za nyuma muteganye ibigomba gukorwa.
