01/03/2021, Yanditswe na Amiel Nkuliza
Yitwa Paul Rusesabagina. Uyu munsi afite imyaka 66 y’amavuko. Yamenyekanye cyane ubwo yari umuyobozi wa «Hotel des Mille Collines» i Kigali. Muri ”Jenoside” yo muri mata 1994, abatutsi barenga 1200 bari bahungiye muri iyo hoteli, barokotse bose uko bakabaye.
Ibi byaviriye mo Paul Rusesabagina kwitwa ”umukiza w’abatutsi bo muri Mille Collines” (héro national). Ku ruhande rwe, uyu mugabo, na we yahise yumva ko irokoka ry’abo batutsi agomba kuribyaza umusaruro: filimi ye, yise «Hotel Rwanda», yasohotse muri 2004, yarebwe n’isi yose, ndetse isa n’ihindutse igishoro.
Muri za kaminuza zikomeye zo ku isi, Paul Rusesabagina yagiye atumirwa n’abayobozi bazo kuzitanga mo ibiganiro, ibiganiro bijyanye n’uburyo yakoresheje mu kurokora abo batutsi muri hoteli yayoboraga. Bivugwa ko amake yishyurwaga n’izo za kaminuza atari mu nsi y’ibihumbi 20 by’amadolari, buri kiganiro.
Kuri Leta y’u Rwanda, aka kayabo kakoreshwaga mu guhungabanya umutekano wa Leta y’u Rwanda, hakoreshejwe ingabo ziswe iza FLN (Front de Libération National), ubu bivugwa ko zifite ibirindiro mu ishyamba rya Nyungwe.
Paul Rusesabagina, wari usanzwe azi neza ko intare zo mu Rwanda zirwanira kumumiraza, ntiyakekaga ko igihe kizagera zikamushinga imikaka yazo. Nguko uko ku wa 28 kanama 2020, yisanze i Kigali, mu gihe we yakekaga ko indege yari mo imujyanye i Bujumbura, mu gihugu cy’Uburundi.
Uko byaje
I Texas, ho muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, ni ho Paul Rusesabagina ateye, aturutse. Bagenzi be bahuriye mu mpuzamashyaka ya MRCD, ntibazi impamvu y’urugendo rwe. Arateganya guhura n’abayobozi b’Uburundi, nyamara akeneye umuntu ubishyikiraho cyane kumurusha. Ku bw’ibyago bye, nyamara we yita amahirwe, Paul Rusesabagina afite inshuti yitwa Constantin Niyomwungeri, wiyita ko ngo ari bishopu (Bishop:évêque-umushumba), uyu akaba ari umwe muri ba banyarwanda bashinga amadini ya shitani, asarurirwa mo amaturo (dimes) y’ubutegetsi bw’inkotanyi. Uyu mugambanyi azamenyanira bwa mbere na Rusesabagina muri café y’ahitwa ”Avenue Louise” i Buruseli, mu Bubiligi, mu mwaka wa 2017.
Niyomwungeri, nk’abandi bagome bose inkotanyi zikoresha, na we azakora uko ashoboye abe inshuti y’akadasohoka ya Paul Rusesabagina, kugira ngo azarangize ubutumwa yahawe na Leta ya Kagame. Uyu musore w’imyaka 44 y’amavuko, uzi neza igihugu cy’Uburundi, kuko yanakivukiye mo, ntazatinda kwemeza Paul Rusesabagina ko azamugeza ku bayobozi b’Uburundi, ko ndetse aba biteguye kumwishyurira indege azagenda mo wenyine, yemye (jet privé), iyo ndege ikazamuvana i Dubai, ikamugeza i Burundi. Rusesabagina, utarigeze atekereza ko uwo wari umutego yatezwe n’umwe mu bicanyi b’ubutegetsi bw’i Kigali, yaje kunyurwa manuma, ahita afata indege iva Texas-Dubai, ku wa 27 kanama 2020.
Inzira y’umusaraba
Nk’uko urwo rugendo rwari rupanze, Rusesabagina na Niyomwungeri bahise burira indege yari ibategerereje ku kibuga cy’indege cy’i Dubai. Iyo ”jet privé”: ”Challenger 605”, ibarizwa muri sosiyete yitwa ”GainJet” yo mu Bugereki, yahise ibagurukana, ibyari ”inzira ntagatifu kuri Rusesabagina, bihinduka mo inzira y’umusaraba. Paul Rusesabagina yaje kwisanga mu rwasaya rw’intare zishonje, ndetse yerekwa abanyamakuru b’ingoma yica ku wa 28 kanama 2020.
Mbere y’uko bigera iwa Ndabaga, ubutegetsi bw’i Kigali bwavugaga ko bwana Paul Rusesabagina ari we wizanye i Kigali, akanishyikiriza ubushinjacyaha. Ni mu kiganiro umuvugizi wa RIB (Rwanda Investigation Bureau), Colonel Janot Ruhunga, yagiranye n’abanyamakuru, nyuma gato y’uko Rusesabagina yeretswe abo banyamakuru.
Ibi byanatsindagiwe n’uwitwa perezida Kagame, mu kiganiro yagiranye na CNN, ku wa 20 gashyantare 2021. Nyamara, yaba ibyatangajwe n’umuvugizi wa RIB, n’ibyavuzwe na perezida Paul Kagame, minisitiri w’Ubutabera, Johnston Busingye, byose yabiciye amazi.
Mu kiganiro yagiranye na televiziyo y’Abanya Qatar, Al Jazeera, ku wa 25 gashyantare 2021, ministiri w’ubutabera, akaba n’intumwa ya Leta, yaragaciye, atangaza ku mugaragaro ko indege yashimuse Rusesabagina ari Leta y’u Rwanda yayishyuye. Kuri mikoro (micro) y’umunyamakuru Marc Lamont Hill, Johnston Busingye yarongeye aragaca, avuga ko ibyo Leta y’u Rwanda yakoze bitanyuranyije n’amategeko, kuko ngo byari ukorohereza umufatanyabikorwa na Leta y’u Rwanda mu gushyikiriza Paul Rusesabagina ubushinjacyaha.
Mu magambo y’uruzungu, asobanura ibyatangajwe na Johnston Busingye, uyu munyamakuru aragira ati: ”There is a person who was operating with Rusesabagina for a long time, who was an interest of our public criminal investigation department, who accepted to turn him in and the payment was to facilitate the plan of this man to transport Rusesabagina to Rwanda (…). The governement did not play a role in transporting him. It was facilitating this gentleman who wanted to bring him to Rwanda”.
Uwacishiriza mu kinyarwanda, bwana Johnston Busingye, aragira ati: «Mu gihe kitari gito, hari umuntu wakoranaga na Rusesabagina, akaba yaranakoranaga n’urwego rwa Leta rushinzwe iperereza. Uyu muntu yemeye ko azatuzanira Rusesabagina. Kwishyura indege yazanye Rusesabagina byari biri mu rwego rwo korohereza uwo muntu wamugejeje mu Rwanda”.
Uku kwivuguruza kw’inzego za Leta y’u Rwanda, ni ukuvuga ibyo Perezida Kagame yatangarije televiziyo ya CNN, n’ibyo Johnston Busingye yatangarije televiziyo ya Al Jazeera, birakekwa ko hari ikibiri inyuma, niba atari ukwibeshya gusanzwe kwa mwene muntu.
N’iyo habamo kwibeshya, aya magambo yatangajwe na minisitiri w’ubutabera, nta kuntu yamusiga amahoro, kuko aciye ukubiri n’umurongo (position) wa Leta, yemeza ko Paul Rusesabagina atashimuswe, ko ahubwo yizanye, akanishyikiriza ubushinjacyaha. Bikaba bishoboka ko, mu nama ya guverinoma yo kuri uyu wa 5 werurwe 2021, minisitiri w’ubutabera, Johnston Busingye, ashobora kwirukanwa muri guverinoma, byaba na ngombwa agafungwa, kubera iri kosa (incident diplomatique) Leta ya Paul Kagame itakekaga ko yakora.
Hari n’ikindi kivugwa ku bijyanye n’iri kosa Johnston Busingye yakoze: muri iyi minsi, mu Rwanda haravugwa udushya twinshi, udushya turi mo ibihuha by’uko perezida Kagame yaburiwe irengero, ihangana riri hagati ya bamwe mu banyamakuru bigenga n’imiryango y’abacitse ku icumu, uwitwa Idamange Yvonne Iryamugwiza, uherutse gushyira ahagaragara amagambo atavugirwa mu gihugu, ibi byose bikaba bisa n’ibihetse ikirunga gishobora guturika hagati y’abashaka guhirika ubutegetsi bwo mu Rwanda, babarizwa mu gisirikari no mu nzego zikomeye za Leta.
Biranavugwa ko hari ukumvikana gucye hagati y’abayobozi baturutse i Burundi n’abaturutse i Bugande, izi mpande zombi ngo zikaba zikora uko zishoboye kugirango zigonganishe inzego za Leta, mu rwego rwo gushakisha uburyo zayihirika.
Hari n’abatanga urugero ku byavuzwe na madamu Yvonne Idamange, bemeza ko ariya magambo atashoboraga kuyavugira ku butaka bw’u Rwanda ngo abe agihumeka umwuka w’abazima. Kuba yarayavuze ntacibwe umutwe, bikaba ngo ari ikimenyetso cy’uko hari abamuri inyuma, babarizwa muri izo nzego zombi zavuzwe hejuru.
Ibisa n’ukuri mu rubanza rwa Paul Rusesabagina
Urubanza rwa Paul Rusesabagina rumeze nk’urwa za nyamaswa z’ishyamba, aho zitanaga ba mwana, zibaza uwazanduje indwara y’ubushita (soma igisigo-poésie ”Les animaux malades de la peste”, igisigo cy’umwanditsi w’umufaransa, Jean de la Fontaine, wabayeho hagati y’1621-1695).
Mu rubanza rwa Rusesabagina harimo ukwitana ba mwana hagati y’abo uyu munyapolitiki areganwa na bo. Callixte Nsabimana alias Sankara, wagombye kuba umusangirangendo wa Paul Rusesabagina, asa n’usaba abacamanza kwihutisha urubanza bombi bahuriye mo, kugira ngo arebe ko yakiza amagara ye. Ku ruhande rwe, Rusesabagina na we ati ”urukiko nta bushobozi n’uburenganzira rufite rwo kumburanisha, kuko ntari umunyarwanda”. Callixte Sankara na we ati ”Rusesabagina ntakwiye gutinza urubanza yiyita umubiligi, kuko ubwo yashingaga umutwe wa gisirikare yari umunyarwanda, washakaga kuba perezida w’u Rwanda”.
Abunganira Rusesabagina, barimo Me Gatera Gashabana, na bo bati ”Rusesabagina ntaho ahuriye n’ubunyarwanda; yagombye kuburanishwa n’inkiko zo mu Bubiligi, igihugu cyamuhaye ubwenegihugu, mu mwaka w’2000”.
Aha umuntu akaba yakwibaza ikihishe inyuma y’uru rubanza rw’uyu munyapolitiki. Hari abarubona mo ko Rusesabagina ibyo arimo ari ugusasa imigeri nk’umuntu wese uhagamye mu rwobo rw’intare. Abandi bati nyamara Rusesabagina n’abamwunganira bafite ukuri, kuko amategeko agenga impunzi atanga ibisobanuro bisa n’ukuri, iyo abo guhabwa bagendera ku mategeko.
Abavuga ibi bemeza ko ubwo mu mwaka w’2000 yahabwaga ubwenegihugu bw’Ububiligi, Paul Rusesabagina yahise atakaza burundu ubwenegihugu bw’u Rwanda, ko rero hashingiwe kuri iryo tegeko rigenga abenegihugu bose, Rusesabagina atagombye gukurikiranwa n’inkiko zo mu Rwanda, n’ubwo icyaha aregwa cyakorewe ku butaka bw’u Rwanda.
Abanyamategeko navuganye na bo bakaba bemeza ko u Rwanda rurimo kunyukanyuka amategeko ruzi neza, cyane ko ngo rwanayashyizeho umukono. Mu bivugwa byose, ikibazo cyanjye kikaba giteye gitya: niba koko Rusesabagina ntaho ahuriye n’ubunyarwanda, inkiko zo mu Rwanda zikaba nta burenganzira zimufiteho mu kumuburanisha, amaherezo y’urubanza rwe ni ayahe?
Ibisubizo bitandukanye nabonye kuri iki kibazo cyanjye, byose bishingiye ku mpamvu za politiki. Abanyamategeko banyumvishije ko Rusesabagina ashobora kurekurwa, ariko bitavuze ko nta cyaha yakoze. Bati niba, nk’uko bivugwa, hari kimwe mu bihugu by’ibihangange ku isi kimuri inyuma, nta gushidikanya ku irekurwa rye ritaha.
Leta ya Amerika, aho Rusesabagina afite urundi rugo, ihoza ku mponde Leta y’u Rwanda, isaba kurekura uyu munyapolitiki, nta yandi mananiza. Igihugu cy’Ububiligi, cyahaye Rusesabagina ubwenegihugu, mu izina ry’umwunganira, Me Vincent Lurquin, na cyo gisaba ko Paul Rusesabagina yarekurwa, nyamara igisekeje ni uko mbere y’ibyo byose havugwa ko icyo gihugu cyakoranye n’ubushinjacyaha bw’u Rwanda mu gusaka iwe (perquisition), hagamijwe gushakisha ibimenyetso by’ibyaha Rusesabagina akurikiranyweho uyu munsi mu nkiko zo mu Rwanda.
Twemeze ko hagiye gukorwa iki?
Ibisa n’ukuri ni uko nyuma y’amezi atandatu amaze afunze, Paul Rusesabagina ashobora koko gufungurwa, kubera ko u Rwanda rwatangiye kwivamo nk’inopfu.Ministiri w’ubutabera, Johnston Busingye, ari na we ntumwa ya Leta, mu magambo ye kuri Al Jazeera, yakoze ibyo bita «prostitution politique» (soma Marcel Proust).
Niba Busingye amaze gutangaza ko indege yashimuse Rusesabagina ari Leta y’u Rwanda yayishyuye, iryo kosa ubwaryo rihita rishyira u Rwanda mu kaga, ku buryo ibyo gukomeza kugundira Rusesabagina mu magereza-mfu yarwo (prisons-mouroirs) nta nyungu rukibifite mo.
Leta ya Kagame, yakekaga ko nta bundi buryo bwari busigaye bwo gufata Rusesabagina uretse gukoresha amayeri yo kumushimuta, na yo ubwayo imaze kwibonera ko ishimutwa rye riyibyariye amazi nk’ibisusa.
Kugira ngo yikure muri iki cyaha cy’urukozasoni, ni uko Leta ya Kagame irekura Rusesabagina, wenda ikoresheje igipindi cyayo cy’uko ”ubutabera bw’u Rwanda bwigenga, bukaba bwarasanze ko, hashingiwe ku byasabwe n’abunganira Rusesabagina, by’uko yaburanishirizwa mu Bubiligi, abacamanza basanze bifite ishingiro”.
Ikindi gishoboka mu kwikura mu isoni kuri Leta y’u Rwanda, ni uko abacurabwenge bayo (les stratèges du FPR), babinyujije kuri Me Gatera Gashabana, basaba Rusesabagina gusaba imbabazi kugira ngo arekurwe, nk’uko byagenze kuri madamu Ingabire Victoire na nyakwigendera Kizito Mihigo.
Ibi Rusesabagina abisabwe yaba ashyizwe i Gorora, kuko nta nyungu n’imwe afite yo gukomeza gutonda ku murongo w’amamininwa y’ibishyimbo cyangwa kuzagwa muri gereza ya Mageragere, azize kutavurwa no kutabona imiti y’indwara afite y’umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso (hypertension) ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda bwanze ko imugeraho.
Kuri Leta y’u Rwanda, icyaha Rusesabagina aregwa n’ubutegetsi bwa Kagame, ni icyaha gikomeye, gishobora no kumucisha umutwe cyangwa cyamufunga ubuzima bwe bwose. Nyamara, nk’uko bigaragara, ubutegetsi bwa Kagame ntibugishoboye kumwica cyangwa kumufunga burundu, kubera igitutu cya ba gashakabuhake, bagena uko u Rwanda rwiriwe n’uko rwaraye.
Niba abadepite n’abasenateri ba Amerika bagera kuri mirongo itatu (30) barasabye Leta y’u Rwanda ko igomba kurekura Rusesabagina, nta yandi mananiza, sinkeka ko ibisabwa n’abo bayobozi Leta y’u Rwanda ikwiye kubifata nko kwikinira.
Iyi baruwa aba bayobozi ba Amerika bandikiye u Rwanda, iniyongera ku gihembo kiruta ibindi ku isi ”Prix Lantos” Rusesabagina yahawe na perezida wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, George Bush, ibi bikaba bivuze ko niba uwagihawe yishwe cyangwa afunzwe burundu, uwakimuhaye, mu rwego rw’igihugu cye, yaba ataye agaciro, n’icyo gihembo kikaba ntacyo kikivuze.
Kubyemera no kubyumva gutyo, nk’igihugu gihatse u Rwanda, nkaba nkeka ko bitakoroha, cyane cyane ko igihugu cya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika kibona mo nka bimwe mu bihugu by’ibihangange ku isi, bitavogerwa n’uwo ari we wese, cyangwa igihugu iki n’iki, cyane cyane nk’u Rwanda rutunzwe n’inkunga z’ibihugu by’amahanga, ibiza ku isonga akaba ari Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.
Kurenga kuri ibi byose bikaba ari nko kutamenya neza uguhatse cyangwa kwirengagiza wa mugani w’abakurambere bacu, ugira uti «akagabo gahimba akandi kataraza».
